KERAJAAN MATARAM KUNO ✨ DARI SANJAYA HINGGA CANDI BOROBUDUR | SEJARAH PENUH INTRIK DI JAWA TENGAH

Introduction

This tutorial explores the fascinating history of the Mataram Kuno Kingdom in Central Java, focusing on its evolution from the reign of King Sanjaya to the construction of significant temples like Candi Borobudur. Understanding this kingdom offers insights into the cultural and religious development of Indonesia.

Step 1: Discovering the Origins of Mataram Kuno

• Learn about the establishment of Mataram Kuno as a significant Hindu-Buddhist kingdom.
• Recognize the key figures, starting with King Sanjaya, who played a crucial role in its formation.
• Investigate the early influences of Hinduism and Buddhism on the culture and governance of the kingdom.

Step 2: Understanding the Political Intrigues

• Examine the power dynamics and political intrigues that shaped the kingdom.
  • Identify major rivalries and alliances among royal families.
  • Explore how these conflicts influenced the kingdom's expansion and stability.

Step 3: Architectural Marvels of the Kingdom

• Study the architectural advancements during the Mataram Kuno era.
  • Focus on significant temples such as:
    • Candi Borobudur: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for its intricate carvings and large stupa.
    • Candi Prambanan: A testament to the kingdom's architectural prowess, dedicated to Hindu deities.
• Understand the religious significance of these structures and their role in the spread of Hindu-Buddhist teachings.

Step 4: Cultural and Spiritual Influences

• Analyze how Mataram Kuno influenced the cultural identity of Java.
  • Discuss the impact of Hindu-Buddhist philosophies on local customs, art, and literature.
  • Highlight the spiritual practices that emerged during this period and their relevance today.

Step 5: Key Historical Sources

• Reference important historical texts that provide insights into the Mataram Kuno Kingdom.
  • Use "Sejarah Nasional Indonesia Jilid II" by Balai Pustaka as a primary source for understanding the kingdom's history.
• Explore how these texts contribute to our understanding of ancient Indonesian civilizations.

Conclusion

The history of Mataram Kuno is a rich tapestry that reveals the complexities of power, culture, and spirituality in early Indonesian history. By studying this kingdom, one gains valuable insights into how historical events shaped modern Indonesian identity. Consider further research into the specific architectural techniques used in Candi Borobudur and Candi Prambanan or delve deeper into the lives of significant figures like Sanjaya and Rakai Pikatan for a more comprehensive understanding of this vibrant era.