Belajar C++ [Dasar] - 01 - Apa itu C++

Introduction

This tutorial introduces the basics of C++, a powerful programming language widely used for system/software development, game programming, and performance-critical applications. Whether you're a complete beginner or looking to refresh your knowledge, this guide will provide you with a clear understanding of what C++ is and its significance in the programming world.

Step 1: Understanding What C++ Is

• C++ is an extension of the C programming language, adding object-oriented features.
• It combines both high-level and low-level programming capabilities, making it versatile for various applications.
• Commonly used for:
  • Developing operating systems
  • Game development
  • Real-time simulations
  • Applications requiring high-performance

Step 2: Setting Up Your C++ Development Environment

To start programming in C++, you need to set up your development environment:

1. Choose a Compiler:

   • Popular options include:
     • GCC (GNU Compiler Collection)
     • Clang
     • Microsoft Visual C++

2. Install an IDE or Text Editor:

   • Recommended IDEs:
     • Code::Blocks
     • Visual Studio
     • Eclipse
   • You can also use text editors like:
     • Visual Studio Code
     • Sublime Text

3. Verify Installation:

   • Open your terminal (Command Prompt or Terminal) and type:

     g++ --version
     

   • This command checks if the GCC compiler is installed correctly.

Step 3: Writing Your First C++ Program

Now that your environment is set up, let's write a simple C++ program:

1. Open your IDE or text editor.

2. Create a new file named hello.cpp.

3. Write the following code in the file:

   #include <iostream>
   
   int main() {
       std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;
       return 0;
   }
   

4. Save the file.

5. Compile and Run the Program:

   • Open your terminal and navigate to the directory where your file is saved.
   • Compile the code by typing:

     g++ hello.cpp -o hello
     

   • Run the program by typing:

     ./hello
     

Step 4: Exploring Basic C++ Concepts

Familiarize yourself with the following fundamental concepts in C++:

• Variables and Data Types:

  • Common data types include:
    • int for integers
    • float for floating-point numbers
    • char for characters
    • string for strings of text

• Control Structures:

  • Use if, else, and switch statements for conditional logic.
  • Use loops (for, while) for repeating tasks.

• Functions:

  • Define reusable blocks of code with functions.
  • Example:

    int add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }
    

Conclusion

C++ is a versatile programming language that serves as a foundation for many other languages and applications. By following this guide, you have set up your development environment, written your first program, and learned about essential concepts.

Next Steps:

• Explore more complex topics such as classes and objects in C++.
• Join online communities like Discord or Telegram for support and resources.
• Practice coding regularly to solidify your understanding and skills in C++.