Sejarah Sebenarnya Berdirinya Kerajaan Mataram Kuno

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of the historical establishment of the Mataram Kuno Kingdom in Java, drawing from the video "Sejarah Sebenarnya Berdirinya Kerajaan Mataram Kuno" by Jejak Prasejarah. By understanding the key rulers and periods of this ancient kingdom, you can gain insights into its significance in Indonesian history and culture.

Step 1: Understand the Key Periods of Mataram Kuno

Mataram Kuno was characterized by several significant periods, each marked by different rulers. Familiarizing yourself with these periods is essential for grasping the kingdom's evolution.

• Central Java Period (732-924 M)

  • Rakai Mataram Sang Ratu Sanjaya (732-760 M)
  • Rakai Panangkaran (760-780 M)
  • Rakai Panunggalan (780-800 M)
  • Rakai Warak (800-820 M)
  • Rakai Garung (820-840 M)
  • Rakai Pikatan and Maharatu Pramodawardhani (840-856 M)
  • Rakai Kayuwani (856-882 M)
  • Rakai Watuhumalang (882-899 M)
  • Rakai Watukura Dyah Balitung (898-915 M)
  • Mpu Daksa (915-919 M)
  • Rakai Layang Dyah Tulodong (919-924 M)
  • Rakai Sumba Dyah Wawa (924 M)

• East Java Period (929-1007 M)

  • Rakai Hino Sri Isana (Mpu Sindok) (929-947 M)
  • Sri Lokapala and Ratu Sri Isanatunggawijaya (947 M onwards)
  • Makutawangsawardhana (up to 985 M)
  • Dharmawangsa Teguh (985-1007 M)

Step 2: Explore the Significance of Each Ruler

Understanding the contributions and impacts of each ruler can help contextualize the historical narrative of Mataram Kuno.

• Rakai Mataram Sang Ratu Sanjaya: Credited with establishing the kingdom's foundation.
• Rakai Panangkaran: Focused on consolidating power and territory.
• Rakai Pikatan and Maharatu Pramodawardhani: Known for cultural advancements and fostering the arts.
• Mpu Daksa: A notable figure in religious and cultural development during his reign.

Step 3: Identify Major Cultural Contributions

Mataram Kuno is known for its contributions to architecture and culture, particularly through its temples.

• Candi Borobudur: A significant Buddhist temple representing the kingdom's artistic and religious values.
• Candi Prambanan: A remarkable Hindu temple complex showcasing the architectural prowess of the time.

Step 4: Recognize Common Myths and Clarify Historical Facts

There are numerous myths surrounding the Mataram Kuno Kingdom. It's important to separate fact from fiction.

• Myth: The kingdom was solely a Hindu entity.
  • Truth: It was a melting pot of Hindu and Buddhist influences, reflected in its architecture and culture.

Conclusion

The Mataram Kuno Kingdom played a pivotal role in shaping the cultural and historical landscape of Java. By understanding its rulers, periods, and cultural contributions, you gain a deeper appreciation for Indonesia's rich heritage. For further exploration, consider visiting historical sites or reading more about the architectural marvels of the time.