[TPB] Al-Qur’an, Al-Hadist, dan Ijtihad sebagai Sumber Hukum Islam Oleh Dr. H. Arif Fahrudin, M.Ag

Introduction

This tutorial explores the foundational sources of Islamic law, focusing on the Al-Qur’an, Al-Hadist, and Ijtihad as articulated by Dr. H. Arif Fahrudin. Understanding these sources is crucial for anyone studying Islamic jurisprudence and seeking to apply Islamic principles in various contexts.

Step 1: Understanding Al-Qur’an as a Source of Law

• Definition: The Al-Qur’an is the holy book of Islam, believed to be the literal word of God as revealed to Prophet Muhammad.
• Role in Law:
  • Serves as the primary legal source in Islamic jurisprudence.
  • Provides guidance on moral, ethical, and legal issues.
• Practical Advice:
  • Familiarize yourself with key verses that outline legal principles (e.g., verses on justice, family law, and contracts).
  • Reflect on the context of revelations to understand their application in contemporary situations.

Step 2: Exploring Al-Hadist as a Source of Law

• Definition: Al-Hadist refers to the recorded sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad, serving as a secondary source of Islamic law.
• Role in Law:
  • Complements the Al-Qur’an by providing context and interpretation of its verses.
  • Covers areas not explicitly mentioned in the Al-Qur’an.
• Practical Advice:
  • Study the different classifications of Hadist (e.g., sahih, hasan, da'if) to evaluate their authenticity.
  • Look for Hadist that specifically relate to your area of interest or study to gain deeper insights.

Step 3: The Concept of Ijtihad in Islamic Law

• Definition: Ijtihad is the process of independent reasoning applied by scholars to derive legal rulings from the foundational texts.
• Role in Law:
  • Allows for flexibility and adaptability in legal rulings to meet contemporary needs.
  • Encourages critical thinking and scholarship within Islamic jurisprudence.
• Practical Advice:
  • Engage with existing scholarly works on Ijtihad to understand how modern issues are addressed.
  • Participate in discussions or study groups to explore different interpretations and applications of Ijtihad.

Step 4: Integrating the Three Sources

• Understanding their Interrelationship:
  • The Al-Qur’an provides the foundational legal principles.
  • Al-Hadist offers context and practical examples of these principles in action.
  • Ijtihad allows for the evolution of legal interpretations based on changing societal needs.
• Practical Advice:
  • When faced with a legal question, start by consulting the Al-Qur’an, then refer to relevant Hadist, and finally apply Ijtihad to arrive at a contemporary ruling.
  • Keep abreast of new discussions in Islamic law by following scholarly articles and attending lectures.

Conclusion

In summary, the Al-Qur’an, Al-Hadist, and Ijtihad are essential components of Islamic law, each serving a unique role. By understanding these sources, you can engage more deeply with Islamic jurisprudence and its application in modern contexts. Consider exploring further by reading scholarly interpretations, participating in community discussions, and applying these concepts to real-world scenarios.