Titrasi Asam-Basa • Part 1: Konsep, Stoikiometri, dan Cara Kerja Titrasi Asam Basa

Introduction

This tutorial will guide you through the fundamental concepts, stoichiometry, and methodology of acid-base titration, as covered in the video "Titrasi Asam-Basa • Part 1" by Jendela Sains. Acid-base titration is a vital technique in chemistry used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by reacting it with a solution of known concentration. Understanding this process is essential for chemistry students and professionals.

Step 1: Understand the Concepts of Acid-Base Titration

• Definition: Acid-base titration is a quantitative analytical method to determine the concentration of an acid or base in a solution.
• Key Terms:
  • Endpoint: The point at which a noticeable change occurs (often color change) due to the addition of an indicator.
  • Equivalence Point: The stage in the titration where the number of moles of acid equals the number of moles of base.
• Indicator: A substance that changes color at a specific pH range, signaling the endpoint of the titration.

Step 2: Learn the Stoichiometry of Titration

• Molar Relationships: Understand the relationship between the moles of acid and base:
  • Use the formula: [ \text{M1V1 = M2V2} ]
  • Where M1 and V1 are the molarity and volume of the acid, and M2 and V2 are those of the base.
• Calculating Concentrations: Be prepared to calculate the unknown concentration by rearranging the formula based on known values.

Step 3: Familiarize Yourself with Titration Equipment

• Essential Equipment:
  • Burette: Used to dispense the titrant (solution of known concentration).
  • Pipette: Used to measure a precise volume of the analyte (solution of unknown concentration).
  • Conical Flask: Holds the analyte and allows for mixing with the titrant.
  • Indicator: Added to the analyte to signal the endpoint.

Step 4: Follow the Titration Procedure

• Preparation:
  • Clean all glassware thoroughly to avoid contamination.
  • Fill the burette with the titrant and ensure there are no air bubbles.
  • Use the pipette to transfer a measured volume of the analyte to the conical flask.
  • Add a few drops of the chosen indicator to the analyte.
• Titration Process:
  • Slowly release the titrant from the burette into the conical flask while continuously swirling to mix.
  • Watch for a color change in the solution, indicating that you are nearing the endpoint.
  • Stop adding titrant when the endpoint is reached, and record the final volume in the burette.

Step 5: Solve Sample Problems

• Example 1: Calculate the pH of the solution at the equivalence point and determine the volume of titrant needed.
• Example 2: Determine the relative atomic mass of a metal in a base by titrating it with a strong acid.
• Example 3: Assess the purity of a base by titrating it against a strong acid and calculating the concentration.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you have learned the essential concepts, stoichiometry, equipment, and procedures involved in acid-base titration. Practicing with sample problems will enhance your understanding and ability to apply these techniques in real-world scenarios. For further exploration, consider watching the subsequent parts of the series for deeper insights into titration curves and conclusions about acid-base reactions.