Calibrating for Shrinkage is a 3D printer process most ignore

Introduction

In this tutorial, we will explore the often-overlooked aspect of 3D printing: calibrating for shrinkage. Many printers do not account for how plastic shrinks as it cools, which can lead to inaccuracies in dimensions and fit. Inspired by a community project for the Prusa XL, this guide will walk you through measuring shrinkage, adjusting your slicer settings, and ensuring better print accuracy.

Step 1: Understanding Shrinkage in 3D Printing

• What is Shrinkage?
  • Shrinkage refers to the reduction in size of printed parts as the filament cools and solidifies.
• Why it Matters?
  • Ignoring shrinkage can result in prints that do not fit together properly or do not match the intended dimensions.

Step 2: Preparing for the Shrinkage Test

• Download Enclosure Instructions:
  • Utilize the XL EnXlosure model from Voxel3D Nederland for better temperature control during printing. Access it here.
• Gather Test Files:
  • Download the simple shrinkage test pieces from Printables here.

Step 3: Testing Different Filaments

• Conduct Shrinkage Tests:
  • Print various test pieces using different filament types.
  • Observe and measure the dimensions after cooling to assess shrinkage.

Step 4: Evaluating the Impact of an Enclosure

• Does an Enclosure Help?
  • Print the same test pieces with and without an enclosure to compare results.
  • Analyze how the enclosure affects the cooling process and overall accuracy.

Step 5: Measuring Shrinkage Percentage

• Calculate Shrinkage:
  • Use the formula:

    Shrinkage Percentage = (Original Dimension - Final Dimension) / Original Dimension * 100
    

  • Record your findings for each filament type.

Step 6: Adjusting Slicer Settings

• Make Permanent Changes:
  • Access your slicer settings and locate the scaling options.
  • Input the calculated shrinkage percentage to adjust dimensions accordingly.

Step 7: Considering Z Shrinkage Scaling

• Explore Z-Axis Adjustments:
  • If necessary, consider adjusting the Z-axis scaling separately to address height shrinkage.
  • Test and measure results to ensure accuracy.

Step 8: Addressing Model Dilemmas

• Dealing with Existing Models:
  • Understand that pre-existing models may not accommodate your shrinkage adjustments.
  • Be prepared to modify designs or use scaling features in your slicer.

Conclusion

By incorporating shrinkage compensation into your 3D printing process, you will achieve more precise dimensions and better-fitting parts. Remember to regularly test and adjust your settings as needed, especially when switching filament types. This proactive approach will enhance your 3D printing outcomes and minimize frustrations. For further learning, consider exploring advanced slicer features or different printing techniques.