Introduction to computer and programming Lec 01 Part 05 (Brief History of Computer)

Introduction

This tutorial provides a brief history of computers, focusing on early electromechanical computers and their significance in the development of modern computing. Understanding this history is essential for anyone interested in computer science and programming, as it lays the foundation for the technology we use today.

Step 1: Understand the Early Electromechanical Computers

Explore the first generation of computers that used electromechanical components. Key examples include:

• Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4: Developed by Konrad Zuse, these were among the earliest programmable computers.

  • Z1: Introduced in 1938, it used mechanical switches and was the first working programmable computer.
  • Z2: An improvement over Z1 that incorporated electromechanical relays.
  • Z3: Introduced in 1941, it was the first fully functional programmable computer.
  • Z4: Released in 1945, it was more advanced and commercially available.

• Harvard Mark I: Developed by Howard Aiken and IBM, this computer was completed in 1944 and used electromechanical components to perform calculations.

Practical Advice

• Research each computer's specifications and contributions to computing.
• Watch documentaries or videos that provide visual insights into these machines.

Step 2: Explore the Contributions of Each Computer

Delve into the significance of each machine in the evolution of computing:

• Z1: Pioneered the concept of programmability using binary numbers.
• Z3: Marked a significant advancement with its use of floating-point arithmetic.
• Harvard Mark I: Introduced the concept of a stored program and was used for complex calculations during World War II.

Practical Advice

• Create a comparison chart of features and capabilities of these early computers.
• Consider how these innovations laid the groundwork for future technology.

Step 3: Identify Key Figures in Computer History

Recognize the individuals who played vital roles in the development of these early computers:

• Konrad Zuse: A German engineer credited with creating the first programmable computers.
• Howard Aiken: An American engineer known for the Harvard Mark I.

Practical Advice

• Read biographies or watch interviews of these pioneers to understand their thoughts and challenges.
• Explore their other contributions to computer science.

Conclusion

The history of computers is rich with innovation and breakthroughs. Understanding the early electromechanical computers like the Z series and the Harvard Mark I provides valuable context for the evolution of technology. For further exploration, consider studying later developments in computing, such as transistor computers and the rise of personal computers.